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On the map of the national annex, the French territory is divided by canton into five regions of snow identified from A to E. Three of these regions (A to C) are subdivided into two to account for accidental snow precipitation.
Zone | A1 | A2 | B1 | B2 | C1 | C2 | D | E |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic value of snow on the ground without elevation sk,0 | 0.45kN/m2 | 0.45kN/m2 | 0.55kN/m2 | 0.55kN/m2 | 0.65kN/m2 | 0.65kN/m2 | 0.90kN/m2 | 1.40kN/m2 |
Design value of exceptional snow load on the ground sk,0 | - | 1.00kN/m2 | 1.00kN/m2 | 1.35kN/m2 | - | 1.35kN/m2 | 1.80kN/m2 | - |
Pn is the annual probability of exceedence :
dwl is the design working life, in years. Look at the design working life of buildings in France.
V is the coefficient of variation of annual maximum snow load with V=0.2 for a recurrence interval less than 50 years and V=0.6 for a recurrence interval greater than 50 years.
It should not be applied for annual probabilities of exceedence greater than 0,2 (i.e. return period less than approximately 5 years).
Distances / Direction | At the place of construction | 500m | 1000m |
---|---|---|---|
North | 436 m | 360m | 407m |
Northeast | 405m | 465m | |
East | 456m | 473m | |
Southeast | 419m | 446m | |
South | 449m | 476m | |
Southwest | 432m | 411m | |
West | 360m | 468m | |
Northwest | 403m | 452m |
Sectors | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Categories | IIIa | IV | IV | IV |
Sectors | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sector definition | from 35° to 125° | from 125° to 215° | from 215° to 305° | from 305° to 35° |
Fundamental value of the basic wind velocity vb,0 | 24.0m/s | |||
Shape parameter K | 0.2 | |||
Exponent n | 0.5 | |||
Annual probability of exceedence p | 0.01 | |||
Probability factor cprob | 1.038 | |||
Directional factor cdir | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Basic wind velocity vb | 17.4m/s | 24.9m/s | 24.9m/s | 24.9m/s |
Reference roughness length z0,II | 0.05m | |||
Roughness length z0 | 0.2m | 1.0m | 1.0m | 1.0m |
Terrain factor kr | 0.209 | 0.234 | 0.234 | 0.234 |
Height above ground z | 15.0m | |||
Minimum height zmin | 5.0m | 15.0m | 15.0m | 15.0m |
Roughness factor cr(z) | 0.904 | 0.635 | 0.635 | 0.635 |
Orography factor* co(z) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Mean wind velocity vm(z) | 15.8m/s | 15.8m/s | 15.8m/s | 15.8m/s |
Turbulence factor kl | 0.97 | 0.854 | 0.854 | 0.854 |
Standard deviation of the turbulence σv | 3.544m/s | 4.989m/s | 4.989m/s | 4.989m/s |
Turbulence intensity Iv(z) | 0.225 | 0.315 | 0.315 | 0.315 |
Air density ρ | 1.225kg/m3 | |||
Exposure factor ce(z) | 2.102 | 1.292 | 1.292 | 1.292 |
Peak velocity pressure qp(z) | 392.0N/m2 | 491.5N/m2 | 491.5N/m2 | 491.5N/m2 |
Peak wind velocity for Serviceability Limit States vp(z),SLS | 91.1km/h | 102.0km/h | 102.0km/h | 102.0km/h |
Peak wind velocity for Ultimate Limit States vp(z),ULS | 111.5km/h | 124.9km/h | 124.9km/h | 124.9km/h |